The observed collection

Observed DNS technologies

These pages report DNS evidence collected so far as the queue progresses through approved .com and .org domains. Mail routing, sender authorization, web routing and verification markers are separate evidence types. They are never treated as equivalent proof of a product installation.

nameserver routing

Cloudflare nameservers

3,073 observed domains

30 appearances · 11 returns

dmarc policy

DMARC policy

2,944 observed domains

117 appearances · 17 returns

domain verification

Google domain verification

1,909 observed domains

209 appearances · 2 returns

mx routing

Google Workspace MX

853 observed domains

54 appearances · 3 returns

cname routing

Shopify web routing

780 observed domains

3 appearances · 1 returns

spf authorization

Google sender authorization

601 observed domains

48 appearances · 2 returns

mx routing

Microsoft 365 MX

422 observed domains

14 appearances · 0 returns

address routing

Shopify standard IPv4 routing

415 observed domains

0 appearances · 1 returns

spf authorization

Microsoft 365 sender authorization

353 observed domains

11 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Microsoft domain verification

317 observed domains

9 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Cloudflare Email Routing

248 observed domains

48 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Zoho Mail MX

181 observed domains

38 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Vercel web routing

174 observed domains

7 appearances · 0 returns

nameserver routing

Amazon Route 53 nameservers

166 observed domains

6 appearances · 3 returns

spf authorization

Amazon SES sender authorization

139 observed domains

5 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Apple domain verification

118 observed domains

3 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Meta domain verification

93 observed domains

7 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Atlassian domain verification

92 observed domains

2 appearances · 1 returns

domain verification

Brevo sending domain verification

87 observed domains

10 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

SendGrid sender authorization

80 observed domains

1 appearances · 1 returns

cname routing

Netlify web routing

78 observed domains

4 appearances · 1 returns

spf authorization

Mailgun sender authorization

74 observed domains

4 appearances · 0 returns

address routing

Shopify standard IPv6 routing

70 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Proofpoint mail gateway

64 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

GitHub Pages web routing

61 observed domains

3 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

SendGrid authentication or branded routing

61 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

address routing

Vercel standard IPv4 routing

59 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

OpenAI domain verification

57 observed domains

4 appearances · 0 returns

nameserver routing

Vercel nameservers

56 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Amazon CloudFront web routing

54 observed domains

3 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Mailchimp sender authorization

54 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

HubSpot sender authorization

51 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Salesforce sender authorization

49 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Vercel ownership-transfer verification

41 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

dkim routing

HubSpot DKIM routing

38 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Webflow web routing

38 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Klaviyo domain verification

37 observed domains

11 appearances · 0 returns

address routing

Webflow current IPv4 routing

37 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Zendesk sender authorization

36 observed domains

2 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

HubSpot web routing

34 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Webflow custom-domain verification

33 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Zendesk recommended domain verification

32 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Mimecast mail gateway

26 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Mailgun tracking routing

25 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Mimecast sender authorization

23 observed domains

2 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Proofpoint Essentials incoming email US1/US2/EU1 (MX)

22 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Atlassian Statuspage custom domain

21 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Zendesk help-center routing

20 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Brevo sender authorization

18 observed domains

2 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Slack domain verification

17 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Pardot production tracker routing

17 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Yandex Mail MX

16 observed domains

9 appearances · 0 returns

subdomain delegation

Klaviyo sending-subdomain delegation

16 observed domains

6 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Campaign Monitor sender authorization

15 observed domains

2 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Proton Mail MX

15 observed domains

2 appearances · 0 returns

nameserver routing

DigitalOcean nameservers

13 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Marketo landing-page routing

12 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Klaviyo branded sending routing

11 observed domains

5 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

MongoDB federated-domain verification

11 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

subdomain delegation

Salesforce Marketing Cloud subdomain delegation

11 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

SparkPost sender authorization

11 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Okta sign-in routing

10 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Statuspage notification domain verification

9 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

HubSpot developer verification

7 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Barracuda Email Gateway Defense incoming email (MX)

7 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Barracuda mail gateway

7 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Statuspage notification sender authorization

7 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Cisco Duo SSO domain verification (TXT)

7 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Intercom help-center routing

6 observed domains

1 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

SparkPost bounce-domain routing

6 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Dashlane enterprise domain verification (TXT)

6 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Marketo sender authorization

6 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Stripe hosted payment domain

5 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Fastmail MX

4 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

Postmark sender authorization

4 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

spf authorization

ActiveCampaign sender authorization

4 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

mx routing

Cisco email gateway

3 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Okta custom-domain verification

3 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

subdomain delegation

Valimail DMARC delegation

2 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

nameserver routing

DNSimple nameservers

2 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Postmark custom return path

2 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Customer.io link tracking

1 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

WorkOS Authentication API (CNAME)

1 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Instapage landing page domain

1 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Iterable branded shortlink routing

1 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

domain verification

Zoom domain verification

1 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

dkim routing

Help Scout DKIM key 1

1 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

dkim routing

Help Scout DKIM key 2

1 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Auth0 authentication address (CNAME)

1 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

cname routing

Help Scout documentation domain

0 observed domains

0 appearances · 0 returns

Counts cover observations collected so far. They do not estimate total market share or confirm a paid installation.